Why can aerogel, a material lighter than air, protect it from wind and rain?
- Categories:Industry News
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- Time of issue:2021-07-26
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(Summary description)Aerogel invention
Speaking of the history of the invention of aerogel, it must be said that it was an accident. To be precise, it was invented by the American Kistler inspired by jelly in 1931. Everyone is definitely not unfamiliar with jelly, but it is estimated that few people will think about a question: Hey, since the ingredients of jelly are all water, how can the water in it not flow out? In fact, jelly is a kind of hydrogel. The so-called gel refers to a semi-solid substance rich in liquid after the sol loses its fluidity. Its principle is as follows: The water molecules in the jelly grid are pulled by surface tension, and the size of this surface tension is just enough to make the water unable to break free and sway, so that the final finished jelly will be obtained. What happens if the liquid inside is pumped out and replaced with gas? According to this idea, the American Kistler finally chose silica gel as the test object after countless experiments, and used the supercritical drying method to remove the liquid components in the silica gel. The brilliance of this experiment is that he first replaces the water with alcohol, then converts the alcohol into gas in a supercritical state, and then slowly releases the alcohol gas. At this time, because there is no capillary force caused by the liquid, the mesh can maintain the original structure. Thus successfully made the world's first real aerogel-silica aerogel. I have to say that this method is really clever!
China's aerogel development
Let's take a look at China's achievements. Research on aerogels in my country started late, but the speed of development is very fast, and a series of important results have been achieved, some of which are even in the forefront of the world. For example, in 2013, researchers from Zhejiang University used carbon nanotubes and graphene to prepare an ultra-light aerogel named "carbon sponge", which is currently the world's lightest material. In a vacuum, 1 cubic centimeter of carbon sponge weighs only 0.16 mg. The weight of the same volume of ordinary air is about 7 times that of it, which is lighter than the same volume of helium. In addition to being light, its absorption capacity is also very strong! Existing oil-absorbing products generally can only absorb liquids about 10 times their own mass, while the absorption capacity of "carbon sponges" is about 250 times, up to 900 times. At the same time, "Carbon Sponge" has high elasticity and can be restored to its original shape after being compressed by 80%.
Uses of aerogels
After talking for a long time, what's the use of aerogel? In summary, aerogel has three advantages: light weight, strong heat insulation, and high endurance. First of all, its density is about one-thousandth of that of glass. It is no exaggeration to say that it is the world's lightest material. Secondly, aerogel can block almost all the ways of heat transfer, so as to achieve the insulation effect that other materials can't match, and finally it can withstand a pressure that is thousands of times its own mass. Maybe you would say, this is nothing, I still understand the truth of "the pillar is strong!" But if you understand the nature of aerogel, you will be surprised at its magic! It is precisely because of so many advantages that aerogels are widely used in all walks of life. For example, in the fields of aerospace and national defense, aerogel can be used as an insulation material for aircraft cabins, as well as for nuclear reactors in nuclear submarines and steam-powered guided missile destroyers, as well as high-efficiency insulation materials for complex high-temperature steam boiler systems. This time, China’s "Tianwen-1" Mars rover and "Zhurong" Mars rover use aerogel materials, and two different materials are used to combat the temperature of the Martian "Ice and Fire" test. For example, high-temperature-resistant nano-aerogel thermal insulation components are used to block the high-temperature heat flow up to 1200°C generated by the landing engine and protect the normal function of the landing platform. The low-temperature resistant nano-aerogel components are used on the surface of the "Zhurong" rover, which can ensure that the rover can work normally at -130°C. At the same time, "Zhurong" also uses a variety of new materials such as aluminum honeycomb sandwich, aluminum-based silicon carbide, composite fiber, etc., which can improve the high wear resistance and stability of the rover. And its basic parts and components have achieved localization, and the localization rate of components has exceeded 90%.
Why can aerogel, a material lighter than air, protect it from wind and rain?
(Summary description)Aerogel invention
Speaking of the history of the invention of aerogel, it must be said that it was an accident. To be precise, it was invented by the American Kistler inspired by jelly in 1931. Everyone is definitely not unfamiliar with jelly, but it is estimated that few people will think about a question: Hey, since the ingredients of jelly are all water, how can the water in it not flow out? In fact, jelly is a kind of hydrogel. The so-called gel refers to a semi-solid substance rich in liquid after the sol loses its fluidity. Its principle is as follows: The water molecules in the jelly grid are pulled by surface tension, and the size of this surface tension is just enough to make the water unable to break free and sway, so that the final finished jelly will be obtained. What happens if the liquid inside is pumped out and replaced with gas? According to this idea, the American Kistler finally chose silica gel as the test object after countless experiments, and used the supercritical drying method to remove the liquid components in the silica gel. The brilliance of this experiment is that he first replaces the water with alcohol, then converts the alcohol into gas in a supercritical state, and then slowly releases the alcohol gas. At this time, because there is no capillary force caused by the liquid, the mesh can maintain the original structure. Thus successfully made the world's first real aerogel-silica aerogel. I have to say that this method is really clever!
China's aerogel development
Let's take a look at China's achievements. Research on aerogels in my country started late, but the speed of development is very fast, and a series of important results have been achieved, some of which are even in the forefront of the world. For example, in 2013, researchers from Zhejiang University used carbon nanotubes and graphene to prepare an ultra-light aerogel named "carbon sponge", which is currently the world's lightest material. In a vacuum, 1 cubic centimeter of carbon sponge weighs only 0.16 mg. The weight of the same volume of ordinary air is about 7 times that of it, which is lighter than the same volume of helium. In addition to being light, its absorption capacity is also very strong! Existing oil-absorbing products generally can only absorb liquids about 10 times their own mass, while the absorption capacity of "carbon sponges" is about 250 times, up to 900 times. At the same time, "Carbon Sponge" has high elasticity and can be restored to its original shape after being compressed by 80%.
Uses of aerogels
After talking for a long time, what's the use of aerogel? In summary, aerogel has three advantages: light weight, strong heat insulation, and high endurance. First of all, its density is about one-thousandth of that of glass. It is no exaggeration to say that it is the world's lightest material. Secondly, aerogel can block almost all the ways of heat transfer, so as to achieve the insulation effect that other materials can't match, and finally it can withstand a pressure that is thousands of times its own mass. Maybe you would say, this is nothing, I still understand the truth of "the pillar is strong!" But if you understand the nature of aerogel, you will be surprised at its magic! It is precisely because of so many advantages that aerogels are widely used in all walks of life. For example, in the fields of aerospace and national defense, aerogel can be used as an insulation material for aircraft cabins, as well as for nuclear reactors in nuclear submarines and steam-powered guided missile destroyers, as well as high-efficiency insulation materials for complex high-temperature steam boiler systems. This time, China’s "Tianwen-1" Mars rover and "Zhurong" Mars rover use aerogel materials, and two different materials are used to combat the temperature of the Martian "Ice and Fire" test. For example, high-temperature-resistant nano-aerogel thermal insulation components are used to block the high-temperature heat flow up to 1200°C generated by the landing engine and protect the normal function of the landing platform. The low-temperature resistant nano-aerogel components are used on the surface of the "Zhurong" rover, which can ensure that the rover can work normally at -130°C. At the same time, "Zhurong" also uses a variety of new materials such as aluminum honeycomb sandwich, aluminum-based silicon carbide, composite fiber, etc., which can improve the high wear resistance and stability of the rover. And its basic parts and components have achieved localization, and the localization rate of components has exceeded 90%.
- Categories:Industry News
- Author:
- Origin:
- Time of issue:2021-07-26 17:20
- Views:
Aerogel invention
Speaking of the history of the invention of aerogel, it must be said that it was an accident. To be precise, it was invented by the American Kistler inspired by jelly in 1931. Everyone is definitely not unfamiliar with jelly, but it is estimated that few people will think about a question: Hey, since the ingredients of jelly are all water, how can the water in it not flow out? In fact, jelly is a kind of hydrogel. The so-called gel refers to a semi-solid substance rich in liquid after the sol loses its fluidity. Its principle is as follows: The water molecules in the jelly grid are pulled by surface tension, and the size of this surface tension is just enough to make the water unable to break free and sway, so that the final finished jelly will be obtained. What happens if the liquid inside is pumped out and replaced with gas? According to this idea, the American Kistler finally chose silica gel as the test object after countless experiments, and used the supercritical drying method to remove the liquid components in the silica gel. The brilliance of this experiment is that he first replaces the water with alcohol, then converts the alcohol into gas in a supercritical state, and then slowly releases the alcohol gas. At this time, because there is no capillary force caused by the liquid, the mesh can maintain the original structure. Thus successfully made the world's first real aerogel-silica aerogel. I have to say that this method is really clever!
China's aerogel development
Let's take a look at China's achievements. Research on aerogels in my country started late, but the speed of development is very fast, and a series of important results have been achieved, some of which are even in the forefront of the world. For example, in 2013, researchers from Zhejiang University used carbon nanotubes and graphene to prepare an ultra-light aerogel named "carbon sponge", which is currently the world's lightest material. In a vacuum, 1 cubic centimeter of carbon sponge weighs only 0.16 mg. The weight of the same volume of ordinary air is about 7 times that of it, which is lighter than the same volume of helium. In addition to being light, its absorption capacity is also very strong! Existing oil-absorbing products generally can only absorb liquids about 10 times their own mass, while the absorption capacity of "carbon sponges" is about 250 times, up to 900 times. At the same time, "Carbon Sponge" has high elasticity and can be restored to its original shape after being compressed by 80%.
Uses of aerogels
After talking for a long time, what's the use of aerogel? In summary, aerogel has three advantages: light weight, strong heat insulation, and high endurance. First of all, its density is about one-thousandth of that of glass. It is no exaggeration to say that it is the world's lightest material. Secondly, aerogel can block almost all the ways of heat transfer, so as to achieve the insulation effect that other materials can't match, and finally it can withstand a pressure that is thousands of times its own mass. Maybe you would say, this is nothing, I still understand the truth of "the pillar is strong!" But if you understand the nature of aerogel, you will be surprised at its magic! It is precisely because of so many advantages that aerogels are widely used in all walks of life. For example, in the fields of aerospace and national defense, aerogel can be used as an insulation material for aircraft cabins, as well as for nuclear reactors in nuclear submarines and steam-powered guided missile destroyers, as well as high-efficiency insulation materials for complex high-temperature steam boiler systems. This time, China’s "Tianwen-1" Mars rover and "Zhurong" Mars rover use aerogel materials, and two different materials are used to combat the temperature of the Martian "Ice and Fire" test. For example, high-temperature-resistant nano-aerogel thermal insulation components are used to block the high-temperature heat flow up to 1200°C generated by the landing engine and protect the normal function of the landing platform. The low-temperature resistant nano-aerogel components are used on the surface of the "Zhurong" rover, which can ensure that the rover can work normally at -130°C. At the same time, "Zhurong" also uses a variety of new materials such as aluminum honeycomb sandwich, aluminum-based silicon carbide, composite fiber, etc., which can improve the high wear resistance and stability of the rover. And its basic parts and components have achieved localization, and the localization rate of components has exceeded 90%.
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